Abatement Technologies and their Social Costs in a Hybrid General Equilibrium Framework
提出一种将微观偏好融入动态可计算一般均衡模型的新方法，结合电力模型和车辆核算模型，量化电动汽车作为内生减排技术的社会成本，发现碳税和车辆登记税政策能显著推动奥地利向电动汽车转型，带来净环境效益。
We present a novel methodology to integrate heterogeneous micro-founded preferences into a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. This integrated model is linked to a bottom-up technology-rich electricity model and a stock-flow vehicle accounting model to quantify the social costs of electric vehicles as an endogenous, demand-driven abatement technology. Emission abatement is achieved through consumer choices that are recognised as a central driver of endogenous technological change. Endogenously determined emissions from vehicle use, electricity generation, and production provide an input to quantify external costs attributable to air quality and carbon emissions. We find that carbon and vehicle registration tax policies induce a significant shift away from conventional vehicles towards electric vehicles in Austria by 2030. The shift to electric vehicles results in small overall economic costs, a substantial decline in fuel demand that exceeds the increase in electricity demand to charge vehicle batteries, and overall positive net environmental benefits.