The push-and-pull of frenemies: When and why ambivalent relationships lead to helping and harming.
整合社会交换与情绪矛盾理论，通过学生团队、实验和零售员工研究，发现矛盾关系同时促进帮助与伤害行为，且矛盾情绪起中介作用，亲和目标会放大此效应。
We integrated theories of social exchange and emotional ambivalence to explain how ambivalent relationships influence interpersonally directed helping and harming behaviors. Using multiple methodologies, including a study of student teams, an experiment, and a quasifield study of retail employees, we compared ambivalent relationships with positive and negative relationships. Our three studies provide convergent evidence that ambivalent relationships with coworkers are positively related to both helping and harming behaviors. These dueling effects were mediated by the experience of ambivalent emotions. We also demonstrate that ambivalent emotions, and their downstream behavioral effects were amplified when individuals in ambivalent relationships had strong affiliative interpersonal goals. Overall, our findings have implications for theory on the relational antecedents of helping and harming, social exchange theory, and the effects of ambivalence in organizations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).