From digital to universal manufacturing
本文探讨制造业从数字化向通用制造的演进，提出企业配置算法和拓扑排序算法，用于构建集成数字模型，对制造工程和数字化转型研究者有参考价值。
The transformation of the manufacturing industry over the last two decades has been largely inspired by data. Digitisation has made its mark in different areas of manufacturing, from digital materials and processes to data science in decision-making. The digital manufacturing is evolving towards universal manufacturing that is highlighted in this paper. Different manufacturing initiatives are benchmarked and their relationship to universal manufacturing is demonstrated. The representation of enterprises in the universal manufacturing cloud is discussed. Product- and process-based specifications of digital enterprises are defined. Using these specifications, the enterprise configuration algorithm proposed in the paper is applied for the selection of component models. Two different representations, a node–node and an input–output matrix, of the digital component models are considered. The extended topological sorting algorithm is applied to construct an integrated digital model.