Voter Turnout and Preference Aggregation
研究了自愿投票制下投票率如何影响选举中的偏好聚合，发现低投票成本和高偏好强度的选民偏好被过度代表，并用2004年美国大选数据表明若全体选民投票，民主党将赢得多数选举人票。
We study how voter turnout affects the aggregation of preferences in elections. Under voluntary voting, election outcomes disproportionately aggregate the preferences of voters with low voting cost and high preference intensity. We show identification of the correlation structure among preferences, costs, and perceptions of voting efficacy, and explore how the correlation affects preference aggregation. Using 2004 US presidential election data, we find that young, low-income, less-educated, and minority voters are underrepresented. All of these groups tend to prefer Democrats, except for the less educated. Democrats would have won the majority of the electoral votes if all eligible voters had turned out.