The Effects of Transit Systems on International Trade
利用萨尔瓦多出口数据，研究升级交通系统简化边境手续对贸易的影响，发现新系统降低了边境成本并增加了出口，投资回报率至少为3比1。
Abstract In this paper, we estimate the trade effects of a transit system upgrading that streamlines border processing in developing countries. Our empirical approach combines transaction-level export data from El Salvador with unique data that distinguishes export flows that were processed on the transit system. Our results indicate that the new transit system lowered regulatory border costs and raised exports. At the low end, our back-of-the-envelope estimate of the return to investment is US$ 3-to-1. This evidence informs a policy covered by the 2013 WTO Agreement of Trade Facilitation.