Oxford and Grenoble: multiple anchors, strong dyadic relationships and national policy in fostering cluster architectures
比较英国牛津和法国格勒诺布尔两个科技城市，研究国家政策变化如何影响锚定组织（公共研究实验室）与本地大企业之间的强二元关系，以及多重锚定组织如何驱动集群发展。
This paper explores the divergence in patterns of regional development in twin towns, one in France, Grenoble, and one in the UK, Oxford. Since the early 2000s, a number of changes in national policies in each country have had a direct effect on the dynamics of local technology-led economic development. Here the particular interest is in those that relate to interrelationships (dyads) between anchor organizations (public sector research laboratories) and major local firms. The paper’s focus is on how changes in policy effect strong local relationships and how multiple anchor organizations drive cluster development.