Understanding the Rise in Life Expectancy Inequality
研究分解了富人与穷人预期寿命差距的变化，发现穷人较低的存活能力解释了美国一半和丹麦全部的不平等上升，心血管死亡率下降对两者都有益，但生活方式相关的存活能力差异加剧了不平等。
Abstract We provide a novel decomposition of changing gaps in life expectancy between rich and poor into differential changes in age-specific mortality rates and differences in “survivability.” Declining age-specific mortality rates increases life expectancy, but the gain is small if the likelihood of living to this age is small (ex ante survivability) or if the expected remaining lifetime is short (ex post survivability). Lower survivability of the poor explains half of the recent rise in inequality in the United States and the entire rise in Denmark. Declines in cardiovascular mortality benefited rich and poor, but inequality increased because of differences in lifestyle-related survivability.