Distributional Effects of Entry Fees and Taxation for Financing Public Beaches
使用多地点一般人口需求模型，评估了为五大湖海滩管理融资的入场定价与税收的福利和分配效应，比较了统一入场费与等额州所得税的收入效果。
We use a multisite general population demand model to assess welfare and distributional effects of entrance pricing and taxation to finance Great Lakes beach management. We compare revenue resulting from uniform entry (i.e., gate) fees across sites to additional state income tax generating equivalent revenues. We present empirical demand elasticities with respect to total prices, including entry fees and elasticities with respect only to fees. We find that demand is price elastic for total trips and individual sites, with individual sites being significantly more elastic. Over a broad range of entry fees, total trip and site demands are fee elastic.