Structural Change Shapes Career Mobility Opportunities: An Analysis of Cohorts, Gender and Parental Class
研究探讨结构性变化如何影响高收入国家的职业流动，通过分析瑞典劳动力市场的职业轨迹，发现不同出生队列间的职业流动类型保持稳定，且个体在职业生涯中会主动调整以适应变化，同时考虑了父母阶层和性别的异质性。
Research suggests that structural change drives occupational mobility in high-income countries over time, but two partially competing theories explain how such change occurs. One suggests that younger cohorts replace older ones through higher education, and the second suggests that individuals adapt to structural change by switching from declining to new or growing occupations during their careers. A proposed occupational scheme aligns with the two dimensions of structural change – skill upgrading on the vertical axis of occupational differentiation, increasing demand for data comprehension (i.e. high skill) and primary tasks concerning either people or things on the horizontal axis. Applied to career trajectories in the Swedish labour market, sequence analyses of the scheme suggest stability in attainment of career mobility types over time between consecutive birth cohorts, and considerable evidence for within-career manoeuvring. Analyses address heterogeneity along parental class and gender.