Uncovering the Truth about Fake News: A Research Model Grounded in Multi-Disciplinary Literature
通过多学科文献综述，将假新闻研究分为刺激、行动和结果三类，系统梳理了动机、制造、传播、缓解、说服、极化等主题，并识别了放大循环、碎片化循环等关键关系，适合研究假新闻现象的学者快速把握跨学科视角。
Many diverse fields across academia are interested in the fake news (FN) phenomenon. A multidisciplinary literature review can provide researchers with new insights, alternative methods, and theories from other fields. The present review incorporates FN research across fields and organizes it into three categories: FN Stimuli, the triggers and impetus for people and organizations to engage with FN; FN Actions, which encompass the activities and processes undertaken in FN; and FN Outcomes, the effects and consequences of FN Actions. Within these categories, we systematize research topics into major themes. Stimuli: motivation; Actions: fabrication, propagation, mitigation; and Outcomes: persuasion, conviction, polarization, and aversion. We identify relationships that are important in understanding the impact on society: the cycle of amplification, the cycle of fragmentation, and the progression from social polarization and aversion into motivation for more fake news. Last, we distinguish FN roles, including creators, consumers, influencers, endorsers, propagators, and resistors.