Do transfers lower inequality between households? Demographic evidence from Distributional National Accounts
利用美国2007-2018年家庭数据，通过国民账户框架分析发现，转移支付主要通过社保和医保从非老年家庭向老年家庭再分配，显著降低了总体不平等，但对种族间不平等影响有限。
Abstract Using the Distribution of Personal Income constructed by the Bureau of Economic Analysis for U.S. households (2007–2018), I use a National Accounts framework to show that transfers significantly lower inequality between households by redistributing income from non‐elderly households to elderly households. Social security and Medicare are the most significant transfers, responsible for two third of the overall inequality reduction, substantially more than income‐based transfers for most households. Transfers do not significantly reduce inequality between racial groups overall. As the population ages, transfers have increased as a share of income for all races; yet, inequality persists at a high level.