The Effects of Eligibility and Voluntary Participation on the Distribution of Benefits in Environmental Programs: An Application to Green Stormwater Infrastructure
研究了绿色雨水基础设施补贴项目中，资格和参与决策如何影响城市绿化收益的空间分布，发现资格与富裕和白人区域正相关，而富裕和少数族裔社区参与率较低，对平衡环境质量与环境正义有启示。
Many cities provide incentives for private landowners to install green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) to reduce stormwater runoff and deliver benefits of urban greening. We analyze how participation in a GSI subsidy program affects the spatial distribution of urban greening. The distributional effects manifest in two stages: program eligibility and participation decisions. Eligibility, determined by hydrological factors, is positively correlated with wealthier and Whiter areas. In eligible areas, the wealthiest households and least White neighborhoods have lower participation rates. The findings highlight the importance of considering eligibility and participation in balancing the joint goals of environmental quality and environmental justice.