Understanding Organizational Performance in Dynamic Environments: An Integrative Framework of Activity-System Maps and the NK Model
针对商业教育中缺乏教授组织在动态环境中复杂互依性的工具，本文整合活动系统图与NK模型，用宜家和无印良品案例展示环境变化对组织绩效和韧性的影响，为教学提供实验式见解。
There is a great need for business education to promote an understanding of how organizations as complex systems, composed of sets of interdependent activities, perform in dynamic or turbulent environments. However, there is a lack of appropriate tools with which to teach such dynamic and complex interdependencies by addressing the main challenges simultaneously—enhancing analytical, systems, and design thinking as well as avoiding cognitive overload. To address these challenges, we develop a framework that integrates the concept of activity-system maps and the NK model. We use two companies—IKEA and MUJI—to demonstrate the utility of the framework and illustrate the effects of environmental change on organizational performance and the patterns of resilience in organizations. Our integrative framework and demonstration offer visible experiment-based insights for teaching about complex organizations in business education. Correspondence concerning this article should be directed to Jiunyan Wu (jiunyan.wu@siemens.com).