Employer image within and across industries: Moving beyond assessing points‐of‐relevance to identifying points‐of‐difference
研究引入品牌定位中的相关点和差异点概念，基于7171名样本分析24家组织在6个行业中的雇主形象，发现求职者对工作内容、创新性等属性的重视程度跨行业一致，但行业间差异大于组织间差异。
Abstract This study draws from brand positioning research to introduce the notions of points‐of‐relevance and points‐of‐difference to employer image research. Similar to prior research, this means that we start by investigating the relevant image attributes (points‐of‐relevance) that potential applicants use for judging organizations' attractiveness as an employer. However, we go beyond past research by examining whether the same points‐of‐relevance are used within and across industries. Next, we further extend current research by identifying which of the relevant image attributes also serve as points‐of‐difference for distinguishing between organizations and industries. The sample consisted of 24 organizations from 6 industries (total N = 7171). As a first key result, across industries and organizations, individuals attached similar importance to the same instrumental (job content, working conditions, and compensation) and symbolic (innovativeness, gentleness, and competence) image attributes in judging organizational attractiveness. Second, organizations and industries varied significantly on both instrumental and symbolic image attributes, with job content and innovativeness emerging as the strongest points‐of‐difference. Third, most image attributes showed greater variation between industries than between organizations, pointing at the importance of studying employer image at the industry level. Implications for recruitment research, employer branding, and best employer competitions are discussed.