The gender gap in mental well-being at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from the UK
研究发现英国新冠疫情初期女性心理健康下降幅度是男性的两倍多，家庭照料责任和孤独感变化是主要解释因素，年轻女性受影响尤其严重。
We assess the decline in mental health after the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK. This decline was more than twice as large for women as for men. We seek to explain this gender gap by exploring gender differences in: family and caring responsibilities; financial and work situation; social engagement; health situation, and health behaviours, including exercise. We assess their quantitative relevance by applying standard decomposition methods. We find that compositional differences in family and caring responsibilities explain part of the gender gap, but more important are gender differences in social factors, particularly changes in loneliness. We explore this result further by analysing gender differences in personality traits. Even after controlling for all factors there remains a noticeable age-gender gradient, with young females suffering particularly badly.