Hump-Shaped Cross-Price Effects and the Extensive Margin in Cross-Border Shopping
利用挪威最大连锁超市2012-2016年月度门店-品类销售数据，发现跨境购物对食品需求的影响呈驼峰形，在距最近外国商店30-60分钟车程处最大，并综合集约与广延边际解释了该现象。
This paper examines the effect of cross-border shopping on grocery demand in Norway using monthly store × category sales data from Norway’s largest grocery chain 2012–2016. The sensitivity of demand to the foreign price is hump-shaped and greatest 30–60 minutes’ driving distance from the closest foreign store. Combining continuous demand, fixed costs of cross-border shopping, and linear transport costs a la Hotelling, we show how this hump shape can arise through a combination of intensive and extensive margins of cross-border shopping. Our conclusions are further supported by novel survey evidence and cross-border traffic data.