Philanthropy and the Making of a New Moral Order: A History of Developing Community
研究了印度塔塔集团自1860年代以来的慈善历史，提出社区发展项目通过四个阶段构建了一种新道德秩序，每个阶段对社区有不同想象，服务于国家建设。
Abstract Community development, or the socio-economic transformation of local communities, has been a significant focus of organizational ethics. Such community development programmes—whether led by state, civil society, or businesses—are animated by modernization and have involved, I argue, the production of a new moral order. As part of which, communities were imagined in particular ways, historically. Drawing on a periodization of history of philanthropy of the Tata Group (India’s leading multinational conglomerate) from the 1860s onwards, I outline the four stages involved in the production of this new moral order—each with a distinct formulation of community—as part of India’s development. The shifts in imaginaries of community, I conclude, were justified and legitimized by the elites as part of the wider nation-building efforts.