Keeping Kids in School and Out of Work: Compulsory Schooling and Child Labor in Turkey
研究了土耳其义务教育改革（将学制从5年延长至8年并改善学校设施）对童工的影响，发现改革使12-17岁童工比例下降4.6个百分点（降幅24%），对女孩家务劳动时间也有减少作用，且对农村和低收入家庭效果更显著。
We examine the effects of a compulsory schooling reform on child labor in Turkey, which extended the duration of schooling from 5 to 8 years while substantially improving the schooling infrastructure. We employ three rounds of child labor surveys with a very rich set of outcomes. The reform reduces child labor by 4.6 percentage points (24%) for 12- to 17-year-olds. For girls, the probability of spending long hours on household chores also reduces. We find that school enrollment and child labor are highly substitutable in rural areas but not as much in urban areas. In addition, the policy effect is stronger for low-income families.