Invented market traditions: The marketing of Italian breakfast (1973–1996)
研究了企业如何通过营销创造新的集体记忆，以意大利早餐品牌Mulino Bianco为例，说明饼干等商品如何被赋予怀旧意义并融入日常消费，从而塑造消费者想要记住的传统。
Invented market traditions are practices and memories of the past created by corporations and sustained through consumption. Invented market traditions show how organisations have the potential to reorganise collective memories of the past, creating new mnemonic narratives rather than drawing on existing ones. Materiality provides long-term stability to these narratives. This paper focuses on the institution of Italian breakfast, based on milk, coffee, and convenience bakery products such as biscuits, invented by the brand Mulino Bianco. Biscuits exemplify how commodities imbued with nostalgic meanings can mobilise these invented memories and fold them into social practices. The recurring consumption of biscuits at breakfast, which was marketed as a rediscovery of Italian heritage, created those very nostalgic memories that consumers wanted to remember. Invented market traditions show the social repercussions of organisations’ rhetorical work and expose how context plays a role in understanding their success.