Determining Optimum Fertilizer Combinations through Goal Programming with Penalty Functions: An Application to Sugar Beet Production in Spain
研究使用带惩罚函数的目标规划模型分析最优肥料组合，使养分需求更灵活现实，并应用于西班牙安达卢西亚西部甜菜生产的实际数据。
A goal programming model was used to analyse optimum fertilizer combinations. Under this approach, the fertilizer requirements, instead of being fixed values as in traditional linear programming, are considered targets which may or may not be achieved. A penalty system coupled to the goal programming model makes the specified lower and upper levels of nutrients more flexible and realistic. A simple example is used to expound the model, and then applied to real data to give optimum combinations of fertilizers for sugar beet in Western Andalusia (Spain).