The Effect of a First Child on Female Labor Supply
利用寻求怀孕帮助的女性样本，解决生育内生性问题，发现第一个孩子使女性就业率下降26个百分点。
Abstract Estimating the causal effect of a first child on female labor supply is complicated by the endogeneity of fertility. This paper addresses this problem by focusing on a sample of women from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) who sought help to become pregnant. After a certain period, only some of these women gave birth. Results using this strategy show that having a first child younger than one year old reduces female employment by 26 percentage points. These estimates are close to OLS estimates from census data and to those from OLS and fixed-effects models on NSFG data.