Lost Use-Value from Environmental Injury When Visitation Drops at Undamaged Sites: Reply
回复批评者，指出未受油污海滩游客的效用未受损，支持作者对未受损海滩福利计算的修正，并反驳了基于未观测感知的替代模型无法实证识别福利损失的观点。
Survey responses show that beachgoers at unoiled beaches did not experience a loss in utility, which is consistent with the assumption underlying our proposed correction to welfare calculations at undamaged beaches. English, Tourangeau, and Horsch claim that the government’s estimate of loss will still be correct even in this case, but they do not provide support for this assertion. They propose an alternative behavioral model based on unobserved perceptions that can produce any welfare loss ranging from our estimate to the government’s estimate. However, the actual welfare loss under this alternative behavioral model cannot be identified empirically. <i></i>