The Supply of Birth Control Methods, Education, and Fertility: Evidence from Romania
研究了罗马尼亚长达23年的鼓励生育政策，发现政策取消后生育率立即下降30%，受教育少的女性生育变化更大，说明避孕和堕胎可及性对生育率有重要影响。
This paper investigates the effect of the supply of birth control methods on fertility behavior by examining Romania's 23-year period of pronatalist policies. Following the lifting of the restrictions in 1989 the immediate decrease in fertility was 30 percent. Women who spent most of their reproductive years under the restrictive regime experienced increases in life-cycle fertility of about 0.5 children. Less-educated women had bigger increases infertility after policy implementation and larger fertility decreases following the lifting of restrictions. These findings suggest that access to abortion and birth control are significant determinants of fertility levels, particularly for less-educated women.