The Economic Design of Sporting Contests
从竞赛/锦标赛经济理论视角，综述了商业体育文献，分析了个人运动（如高尔夫、赛跑）和团队运动（如棒球、足球）中的激励、结果不确定性及竞争平衡问题，并探讨了奖金分配、收入分享、工资帽等联盟约束。
This paper reviews the literature on commercial sport through the lens of the economic theory of contests/tournaments. It seeks to draw together research on incentives in individualistic sports such as golf and footraces with the research on uncertainty of outcome and competitive balance in team sports such as baseball and soccer. The contest framework is used to analyze issues such as the optimal distribution of prizes, the impact of revenue sharing, salary caps, draft rules, and a variety of other restraints commonly employed in sports leagues. The paper draws heavily on a comparative analysis of contest organization, in particular between North America and Europe.