Lobbying Bureaucrats*
研究利益集团游说官僚如何影响政策结果，以及这种游说如何改变立法机构向官僚授权决策的意愿，比较了统一政府和分权政府下的差异。
Abstract We study how interest group lobbying of the bureaucracy affects policy outcomes and how it changes the legislature's willingness to delegate decision‐making authority to the bureaucracy. We extend the standard model of delegation to account for interest group influence during the implementation stage of policy. We analyze how the decision to delegate changes when the bureaucratic agent is subject to external influence. The optimal degree of delegation as well as the extent to which interest groups influence policy outcomes differ depending on whether the system of government is characterized by unified or divided control. The result is a comparative theory of bureaucratic lobbying.