Can pretraining experiences explain individual differences in learning?
研究考察了与培训目的相关的负面经历对学习保持的影响，发现飞行员在培训前经历的负面事件数量与培训后一周的自信表现呈线性关系，但未受训者无此关联，表明过往经历通过增强学习动机影响培训效果。
This study examined the effects of having experienced negative events related to the purpose of a training program on learning and retention. Participants were 32 private pilots who participated in an assertiveness-training study. The purpose of the training was to prevent aviation accidents caused by human error. Structured telephone interviews were conducted to determine whether participants had previously experienced 3 types of negative events related to the purpose of training. Results indicated a linear relationship between these negative events and assertive performance in a behavioral exercise 1 week after training. The same negative events, however, were not significantly related to the performance of untrained participants in the same behavioral exercise. It is suggested that previous experiences influenced posttraining performance by increasing motivation to learn.