Technological Change in Illinois Agriculture, 1982‐1984
提出一种无需价格或要素份额信息即可衡量技术变迁程度和偏向的非参数方法，并应用于1982和1984年伊利诺伊州谷物农场数据，发现技术创新偏向使用土地，且技术变迁速度与农场规模相关。
Abstract This paper has two main purposes: (1) to develop a method for measuring the extent and bias of technical change which involves the use of non‐parametric production frontiers and does not require information on prices or factor shares; (2) to apply this method to individual farm data drawn from a sample of Illinois grain farms for the years 1982 and 1984. The results indicate that technical innovation is land using in nature and that the rate of technical change is related to the size of farm.