Subliminal Advertising: What you see is what you Get
评估了支持各种阈下广告技术有效性的证据和论点，发现阈下刺激可能影响情感反应，但尚无证据表明其能改变消费者动机或行为，且与现有理论相悖。
This paper provides an evaluation of the evidence and arguments advanced in support of the effectiveness of various subliminal advertising techniques. Such practices are purported to influence consumer behavior by subconsciously altering preferences or attitudes toward consumer products. While there is some marginal evidence that subliminal stimuli may influence affective reactions, the marketing relevance of this finding remains to be documented. The notion that subliminal directives can influence motives or actions is contradicted by a large body of research evidence and is incompatible with theoretical conceptions of perception and motivation.