Face Value
通过实验室信任博弈实验，研究在信任和互惠能增加收益的情境下，面孔是否具有信息价值。实验发现，发送者和回应者都愿意付费查看对方照片，且面对面时效率提升、发送者收益更高。
People pay attention to the appearance of others, and personal characteristics can affect many types of decisions. We ask, is there informational value in a face in a situation where trust and reciprocity can increase earnings? We use a laboratory trust game experiment where subjects are unable to observe a counterpart, must observe a counterpart, or can pay to reveal a counterpart's photograph. Both senders and responders are willing to pay to observe the photos, and we show that behavior, earnings, and efficiency are affected. When subjects are “face to face,” efficiency is enhanced, and senders have higher earnings.