Universal Banking
对比全能银行与专业银行对金融稳定、经济发展、消费者选择等的影响，结合实证研究，认为全能银行对美国消费者利大于弊。
Universal banks can offer the entire range of financial services within the bank or through subsidiaries. Most countries permit universal banking. In contrast, the United States is served only by specialized banks. Universal banking, particularly in Germany, is contrasted with specialized banking with respect to their effect on financial stability, economic development, other financial institutions, concentration of political and economic power, consumer choice, and conflicts of interest. This examination, including a review of relevant empirical studies, leads to the conclusion that universal banking offers many benefits and few costs to U.S. consumers.