Incentives and cooperation: the joint effects of task and reward interdependence on group performance
通过实验室实验，研究了任务相互依赖和奖励相互依赖如何共同影响群体绩效，发现奖励相互依赖对绩效重要，但任务相互依赖驱动合作行为，提示工作设计变化若未伴随奖励系统变化，可能只提升合作而不提升绩效。
We examine the joint effects of task interdependence and reward interdependence on group behavior and performance. We develop a model that predicts that task and reward interdependence will interact to increase performance, and present results of a laboratory experiment that confirms our prediction. We explore the efficacy of group reward systems for different task designs, and the relationship between cooperation and performance. We confirm earlier results on the weakness of the free-rider effect in small face-to-face groups. We also find, surprisingly, that while reward interdependence is important to performance, task interdependence, but not reward interdependence, drives observed cooperative behavior. This last result suggests caution in interpreting the efficacy of changes in the design of work. Such changes, if unaccompanied by changes in the design of the reward system, are likely to appear successful in terms of observed cooperation, but may not enhance performance. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.