Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work-family conflict with job and life satisfaction.
研究构建并检验了一个模型，探讨双向工作-家庭冲突、家庭情感和工具性支持、工作与家庭卷入如何共同影响工作和生活满意度，发现冲突与支持可同时存在且相互关联。
A model of the relationship between work and family that incorporates variables from both the work-family conflict and social support literatures was developed and empirically tested.This model related bidirectional work-family conflict, family instrumental and emotional social support, and job and family involvement to job and life satisfaction.Data came from 163 workers who were living with at least 1 family member.Results suggested that relationships between work and family can have an important effect on job and life satisfaction and that the level of involvement the worker assigns to work and family roles is associated with this relationship.The results also suggested that the relationship between work and family can be simultaneously characterized by conflict and support.Higher levels of work interfering with family predicted lower levels of family emotional and instrumental support.Higher levels of family emotional and instrumental support were associated with lower levels of family interfering with work.The growing body of occupational stress research regarding the relationship between work and family has suggested that there are interconnecting and possibly reciprocal influences between these two domains (Greenhaus & Parasuraman, 1987;Kanter, 1977;Rice, Near, & Hunt, 1980;Schmitt & Bedeian, 1982).Much of this research has proceeded along two lines of inquiry.The first has focused on work-family conflict, where researchers argued that conflict between the work and family domains can be a source of stress that influence important psychological and physical outcomes (e.g., Bacharach, Bamberger, & Conley, 1991;Frone, Russell, & Cooper, 1992).The second line of inquiry has focused on social support.Researchers have contended that social support provided by members of the work and/or family domains can have a positive influence on workers' general health and well-being (e.g., Beehr & McGrath, 1992;S. Cohen & Wills, 1985).There has been little integration of these two streams of research (Greenhaus, 1988;Jackson, Zedeck, & Summers, 1985).This is unfortunate because most studies tend to provide a glimpse of either the positive or negative aspects of the work-family interface and consequently do not usually provide an accurate view of the whole interface.The purpose of the present study was to draw upon both the work-family conflict and social support literatures to further understanding of the joint influence of these factors on well-being.In the sections that follow, research from the work-family conflict perspective and the social support perspective is briefly overviewed.Then, the two perspectives are integrated, and the role of involvement as an important antecedent of both conflict and social support is highlighted.Following this, a model relating work-family conflict, social support, and job and family involvement to job and life satisfaction is presented and empirically tested.