AFDC, SSI, and Welfare Reform Aggressiveness: Caseload Reductions versus Caseload Shifting
研究福利改革如何影响单亲母亲从AFDC转向SSI，发现改革力度大的州，女性户主家庭领取SSI的概率增加21.6%，说明一个项目的案件量减少不等于公共援助家庭总数减少。
Welfare reform has made receipt of cash benefits more difficult and less attractive for single mothers. We examine whether reforms of AFDC affected caseloads of another program-Supplemental Security Income (SSI). We exploit state variation in welfare reform over time, and find that female-headed households in states aggressively pursuing welfare reform were 21.6 percent more likely to receive SSI. This implies that a decrease in caseloads in one program cannot be interpreted as an equal-sized decrease in the number of families receiving public assistance. In addition, our results have policy implications for the well-being of families affected by welfare reform time limits.