Perceived race-based discrimination, employment status, and job stress in a national sample of Black women: Implications for health outcomes.
研究基于美国全国黑人女性样本，分析感知的种族歧视与社会人口特征对就业状态和工作压力的影响，发现社会人口特征主要解释就业状态，而歧视感知与人口特征共同影响工作压力，对黑人女性健康有启示。
Previous research has not systematically examined the relationship of perceived race-based discriminations to labor force participation or job related stresses-problems experienced by Black women.The present study investigated the relative contributions of perceived race-based discriminations and sociodemographic characteristics to employment status and job stress in a national probability sample (the National Survey of Black Americans; J. S. Jackson, 1991) of Black women in the United States.Logit and polychotomous logistic regression analyses revealed that Black women's current employment status was best explained by sociodemographic measures.In contrast, the combination of perceived discrimination and sociodemographics differentially affects patterns of employment status and perceived job stress in the work environment of Black women.Implications of these findings for the health of African American women are discussed.As greater numbers of women maintain steady employment and move into nontraditional occupations, more attention is being paid to social and psychological effects resulting from their participation in the labor force.The impact of work on marriage, family, mental health status, life satisfaction, and, in particular, job-related stress has been an important area of study (Crohan, Antonnucci, Adelmann, & Coleman, 1989).Historically, Black 1 women have constituted a proportionally large share of the labor force (Evans & Herr, 1991;Malveaux & Wallace, 1987).Much of the research on working Black women, however, has concerned itself with objective labor market indices (e.g., rates of participation, occupation, and salary equity).Little research has examined the psychosocial aspects of perceptions of gender and race discrimination in the labor market experiences of Black women, particularly as they affect entry into the labor force, participation rates (employment status), and job stress in the work environment as a function of perceptions of racial-ethnic discrimination.Studies examining work and the quality of life consistently document the negative impact of work-related discrimination on women and ethnic group members (Ulbrich, Warheit, &