Evolutionary Processes in Competitive Markets: Beyond the Product Life Cycle
指出传统产品生命周期框架的缺陷，并借鉴种群生态学理论，构建一个同时考虑供需因素的动态模型，用于分析市场演化中竞争结构和绩效的变化。
The traditional product life cycle framework has little to say about the competitive processes that accompany the evolution of a market. The first part of the article identifies the major shortcomings of the product life cycle. This analysis is used to establish the requirements for a more comprehensive model that incorporates both demand- and supply-side factors. The second part shows how concepts from population ecology theory can be adapted to satisfy these requirements. With this dynamic theory, specific propositions can be made about changes in competitive structure and performance as the market evolves.