Engendering Macroeconomic Theory and Policy
这篇综述总结了近二十年关于性别在宏观经济中作用的研究，发现教育、健康、无酬劳动等方面的性别差距通过影响劳动生产率和总需求等渠道影响经济增长，并指出财政、货币等宏观政策对不同性别有不同效果，忽视这些差异可能削弱政策目标。
Over the past two decades, economists have turned their attention to exploring the role of gender in the macroeconomy. This paper reviews the salient findings of that literature. Research shows that gender gaps in education, health, unpaid labor, employment, and wages have economy-wide consequences and influence the rate of growth. The effects are transmitted via both the supply side of the economy – principally through labor productivity – and the demand side – through business spending, exports, saving, and the balance of payments. In turn, a broad array of macro-level policies, including fiscal, monetary, and trade policies have differential effects by gender that, if unheeded, can undermine macro-policy goals. Their impact depends on the structure of the economy and the gender division of labor in paid and unpaid work. This survey makes clear that incorporation of gender into macro models improves the relevance of macroeconomic theory and can yield better policy results.