Integrating Product Innovation and Market Development to Strengthen Long‐Term Planning
本文基于对欧美钢铁工业困境的分析，指出传统规划方法已失效，提出整合产品创新与市场开发的新长期策略，以应对重工业面临的变革压力。
The steel industries of Europe and the United States are among the worst casualties of the industrial turmoil that has shaken the economic order during the past ten years, Other heavy manufacturing industries can claim similar suffering. In this article, Bela Gold draws on his long years of experience in studying the technology, productivity, and competitive structure of such industries. He suggests that traditional planning approaches won't haul heavy industry onto a winning track. A new long‐term approach, based on an integration of product innovation and market development, is needed to meet the changing pressures these industries are facing.