COMPOUND PRICING
分析了搭售和排他性交易合同等复合定价行为，发现其价格、产量、利润和福利效果与直接增强垄断力量几乎无异，甚至具有掠夺性。
Compound pricing makes the price or availability of some goods conditional on the purchase (or non‐purchase) of other goods. Tie‐ins and requirements contracts, two well‐known examples, are analyzed here. Contrary to some opinion, such practices need not be innocuous or benign. This analysis shows that compound pricing can produce price, output, profit, and welfare results that are practically indistinguishable from those got when a firm increases its monopoly power in more obvious and direct ways. By some standards, the requirements and exclusive dealing contracts analyzed here are predatory.