An examination of the nature and correlates of ethnic harassment experiences in multiple contexts.
研究开发了种族骚扰经历量表，在四个以西班牙裔为主的样本中发现其包含言语骚扰和排斥两个维度，并发现这些经历与负面结果相关，且不受情感倾向影响。
The authors examined the nature and correlates of ethnic harassment experiences in 4 predominantly Hispanic samples of working men and women (N = 575) using a newly developed scale.Confirmatory factor analyses supported a 2-factor structure for the Ethnic Harassment Experiences scale (i.e., verbal ethnic harassment and exclusion due to ethnicity).Most experiences of ethnic harassment in the workplace during the previous 24 months included verbal ethnic harassment (i.e., ethnic slurs, derogatory ethnic comments, or ethnic jokes).It was also found that participants who experienced verbal ethnic harassment and exclusion reported negative correlates that could not be attributed to affective disposition.For some correlates, those who experienced low levels of verbal harassment and high levels of exclusion were more negatively affected than others, perhaps as a result of the attributional ambiguity of the situation.This article focuses on an important type of workplace harassment that is of growing concern to contemporary institutions, namely, harassment due to one's race or ethnicity.As organizations and institutions become more ethnically diverse, racial or ethnic harassment may become more frequent and may result in multiple negative outcomes.Although previous research on racialethnic discrimination and harassment has failed to differentiate between the two concepts, we differentiate ethnic harassment from discrimination.We conceptualize ethnic harassment 1 as threatening verbal conduct or exclusionary behavior that has an ethnic component and is directed at a target because of his or her ethnicity.The construct is composed of behaviors that may be encountered on a daily basis and may contribute to a hostile environment, particularly for ethnic minorities.Ethnic discrimination is defined as unequal job treatment or lack of positive opportunities because of one's race-ethnicity (Radhakrishnan & Hitlan, 1998).Like S. A. James, LaCroix, Kleinbaum, and Strogatz (1984) and Cervantes (1992), we conceptualize discriminatory behaviors as structural or contextual variables that impede job opportunities or earning potential.Under this definition, discrimination is viewed as an institutional or structural variable, whereas ethnic harassment is similar to hostile environment sexual harassment.We view harassment and discrimination as two related constructs