Classifying Products Strategically
提出一个整合的产品分类方案，在传统便利品、选购品和特殊品基础上增加“偏好品”类别，依据消费者感知的价格努力和风险维度定义，适用于所有产品（商品、服务和理念）。
This article proposes an integrated product classification scheme. It is argued that, in view of the 1985 definition of marketing, one classification for all products—goods, services, and ideas—is sufficient. This classification adds "preference" products to the conventional convenience, shopping, and specialty categories. These categories are defined in terms of the effort and risk dimensions of price—as perceived by both organizational and ultimate consumers.