Sailing through the storm: Improvising paradox navigation during a pandemic
研究了法国总统马克龙在疫情期间如何即兴应对“拯救生命”与“维持正常生活”之间的悖论，提出了包含转折点、不确定性迷雾和混乱学习的模型，对管理学习和即兴实践有启示。
Despite rich depictions of paradox navigation strategies, and the recognition that they are fraught with uncertainty, research reveals relatively little about how leaders navigate paradoxical tensions when improvising in the face of highly unpredictable and quickly evolving events. We conducted a narrative study of how French President Macron navigated the tension between the paradoxical poles of "saving lives" and "preserving life as usual" during the pandemic. Our article surfaces three central elements that form a model of improvised paradox navigation in stormy conditions: turning points, fog of uncertainty, and chaotic learning. Our model contributes to paradox theorizing by shedding light on paradox navigation in highly turbulent environments and has implications for management learning and improvisation.