Managers and Productivity in the Public Sector
利用意大利行政数据，研究发现管理者才能每提高一个标准差，办公室生产率提升10%，且主要由年长工人退休驱动；优化管理者配置可至少提高6.9%的产出。
This paper studies the impacts of managers in the administrative public sector using novel Italian administrative data containing an output‐based measure of productivity. Exploiting the rotation of managers across sites, I find that a one standard deviation increase in managerial talent raises office productivity by 10%. These gains are driven primarily by the exit of older workers who retire when more productive managers take over. I use these estimates to evaluate the optimal allocation of managers to offices. I find that assigning better managers to the largest and most productive offices would increase output by at least 6.9%.