Identifying the Development Trends and Technological Competition Situations for Digital Twin: A Bibliometric Overview and Patent Landscape Analysis
用文献计量和专利分析方法，系统梳理了数字孪生在学术研究和技术开发中的现状、发展趋势及国家/机构间的竞争格局，发现该领域处于早期快速增长阶段，正从智能制造向医疗、智慧城市等场景扩展。
Digital twinis increasingly prominent for realizing the digital and intelligent transformation of various industries as an emerging technological means to connect the physical and virtual world. While there has been a recent growth of interest in digital twin in industry, finance, and academia, most relevant studies lack a systematic analysis of the status quo, development trends, and technological competition situations for digital twin. In this article, we used bibliometrics and patent analysis to conduct comprehensive and in-depth research of digital twin by reviewing the current status of academic research and technological development, distribution of countries and institutions, and technological competition situations. We found that academic research and technological development in digital twin are currently in the early stages of rapid growth, which is radiating from applications in smart manufacturing to other scenarios such as medical and health, smart cities, energy, transportation, public emergency, and agricultural food. Artificial intelligence technology, digital twin integrated architecture and system, intelligent real-time control have gradually become the key topics of academic research and technology research and development in the field of digital twin in recent years. The digital framework, sustainable digital twin, deep learning and neural network algorithms, and full lifecycle management have the potential to become technology development trends. USA and Germany are the technology leaders and occupy first-mover advantage at present, while China, the U.K., and South Korea are the powerful chasers in the future.