Teaching Norms: Direct Evidence of Parental Transmission
通过田野实验，研究父母在孩子面前是否更倾向于执行和遵守社会规范，发现父母陪伴孩子时更可能惩罚违规者、帮助陌生人，并用间接惩罚替代直接惩罚。
Abstract We examine the educative role played by parents in social norm transmission. Using a field experiment, we study whether parents enforce and comply more with norms when their children are present compared to when they are not. We compare similar parents when or after they drop off or pick up their children at school. We find that parents accompanying children, in contrast to parents alone, are more likely to punish norm violators and to provide help to strangers when there is no violation. They also tend to substitute more direct punishment with withholding help as a means of indirect punishment.