Lift and Shift: The Effect of Fundraising Interventions in Charity Space and Time
研究发现大型募捐活动能提升目标慈善机构的捐款，且不会导致后期捐款下降；但会促使其他慈善机构的捐款提前，后期被抵消。基于此提出“提升-转移”模型，解释温暖光芒的跨期和跨机构替代性。
Fundraising interventions may lift donations and/or shift their composition and timing. Using data rich in both the charity space and time dimensions, we find that major fundraising appeals lift donations to the appeal charity and that this increase is not offset by lower donations later in time. Strikingly, major appeals also forward-shift donations to other (nonappeal) charities that are offset by lower donations later. To understand these response patterns, we introduce a two-period, two-charity “ lift-shift” model. The model indicates that the observed response patterns are possible only if warm glow is substitutable, both intertemporally and between charities.