Optimal interventions in networks during a pandemic
研究社会规划者在疫情期间平衡人口健康与短期财富积累的最优封锁政策，利用美国养老院网络数据校准模型，发现放任政策会增加养老院新冠死亡人数，且对边缘养老院、贫困县和营利性养老院影响更大。
We develop a model of optimal lockdown policy for a social planner who balances population health with short-term wealth accumulation. The unique solution depends on tolerable infection incidence and social network structure. We then use unique data on nursing home networks in the US to calibrate the model and quantify state-level preference for prioritizing health over wealth. We also empirically validate simulation results derived from comparative statics analyses. Our findings suggest that policies that tolerate more virus spread (laissez-faire) increase state GDP growth and COVID-19 deaths in nursing homes. The detrimental effects of laissez-faire policies are more potent for nursing homes that are more peripheral in networks, nursing homes in poorer counties, and nursing homes that operate on a for-profit basis. We also find that US states with Republican governors have a higher tolerable incidence level, but these policies tend to converge with a high death count. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-022-00916-y.