Infrastructure access charges, service differentiation, and strategic competition in the EU railway passenger market.
研究了欧盟铁路客运市场中，基础设施管理者如何通过收费和容量分配影响运营商之间的服务差异化与价格竞争，并分析了不同监管方案对列车频率、票价和消费者效用的影响。
• Introduction of competition in the EU railway passenger market. • The network infrastructure manager grants network capacity to railway operators. • Service differentiation arises by distinguishing between peak and off-peak services. • Operators compete by setting prices to capture demand. • Trains’ frequency, fares and consumers’ utility strongly depend on the regulatory scheme.