Cross‐country data on skills and the quality of schooling: A selective survey
描述了标准化国际学生成绩测试和成人识字研究的最新数据，评述了现有指标的优势与不足，并分析了21个OECD国家在这些指标上的分布情况，对研究收入、福利和增长决定因素的学者有参考价值。
Abstract Scores in standardized international student achievement tests and some recent adult literacy studies provide interesting data on the quality of educational outputs and on the skill level of the population that can be a useful complement to the data on the quantity of schooling which have been most commonly used in the growth literature. This paper describes the most recent available primary data on the subject, reviews different attempts to organize, standardize, and summarize them, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the existing indicators and their potential usefulness as explanatory variables in empirical analyses of the determinants of income and welfare levels and growth rates. A final section investigates the distribution of these indicators across a sample of 21 OECD countries.