Compliance with EU Law from 1989 to 2018: The Commission's Shift from a Normative to a Regulative Approach
研究了欧盟委员会1989至2018年间应对成员国不遵守欧盟法律的策略，发现其从早期基于管理的规范方法转向四十年后加强执法的规制方法，并在危机中变得更像权威检察官。
Abstract This study analyses the European Commission's strategies to counteract Member States' non‐compliance with EU law between 1989 and 2018. Based on a theoretical framework that distinguishes between a normative and a regulative approach in the Commission's strategies, the study conducts a semi‐automatic content analysis of all annual reports on monitoring the application of EU law and further supports this analysis with other EU sources. The results demonstrate that the Commission shifted from a normative approach based on management tools in the late 1980s and early 1990s to a more regulative approach with enhanced enforcement four decades later. Moreover, the Commission's role as driver for European integration has changed. In times of crisis and increased domestic contestation, the Commission has become a more authoritarian prosecutor of European policies.