Interrelationship between international trade and environmental performance: Theoretical approaches and indicators for sustainable development
系统综述了国际贸易与环境绩效在微观和宏观层面的相互关系，梳理了企业异质性、污染避难所/光环等理论，并分类了能源消耗、排放等五类环境绩效指标，适合研究贸易与环境交叉领域的学者快速把握研究现状与空白。
Abstract In recent years, a great deal of research has analyzed the impact of trade openness on the environment, with the aim of determining whether internationalization contributes to the improvement of environmental performance (EP) or, on the contrary, hinders the achievement of sustainable development. The objective of the present work is to conduct a systematic literature review on the interrelationship between international trade and EP at the micro‐ and macroeconomic levels, analyzing the existent theoretical approaches and the EP indicators utilized in practice. The most prominent theories found are firm heterogeneity, at a microeconomic level, and the pollution haven/halo hypotheses, at a macroeconomic level. Also, the EP indicators have been classified according to five dimensions: energy consumption, resource consumption, emissions, risk potential, and toxic potential, of which pollutant gas emissions and energy consumption are the most used. The results obtained show evidence of the interrelationship mentioned from the perspective of the different theories. In addition, this analysis helps to identify several gaps in this line of study.